SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10653, 10646, 10645, 10647, 10648, 10649, 
    10726, 10650, 10547, 9789, 10655, 10654, 
    10605, 10604, 9873, 10293, 10294, 10295, 
    10724, 10725, 10397, 10398, 10399, 
    10400, 10401, 10402, 12700
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00088

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 54,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10653,10646,10645,10647,10648,10649,10726,10650,10547,9789,10655,10654,10605,10604,9873,10293,10294,10295,10724,10725,10397,10398,10399,10400,10401,10402,12700) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}