SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10747, 10748, 10749, 10750, 10751, 10752, 
    9972, 9973, 9975, 9976, 9977, 9978, 
    9979, 10179, 10180, 10523
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00069

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 32,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10747,10748,10749,10750,10751,10752,9972,9973,9975,9976,9977,9978,9979,10179,10180,10523) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
9972 continent-col-03 265/280/283/1641
9973 continent-col-04 265/280/283/1641
9975 continent-col-06 265/280/283/1641
9976 continent-col-07 265/280/283/1641
9977 continent-col-08 265/280/283/1641
9978 continent-col-09 265/280/283/1641
9979 continent-col-10 265/280/283/1641
10179 cos-col-01 265/280/283/1674
10180 cos-col-02 265/280/283/1674
10523 cos-col-03 265/280/283/1674
10747 product-10747 265/280/283/1677
10748 product-10748 265/280/283/1677
10749 product-10749 265/280/283/1677
10750 product-10750 265/280/283/1677
10751 product-10751 265/280/283/1677
10752 product-10752 265/280/283/1677