SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10037, 10038, 10039, 10040, 10043, 10044, 
    10045, 10046, 10047, 10048, 10050, 
    10051, 10052, 10054, 10055, 10056, 
    10057, 10058, 10059, 10060
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00407

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 40,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10037,10038,10039,10040,10043,10044,10045,10046,10047,10048,10050,10051,10052,10054,10055,10056,10057,10058,10059,10060) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
10037 target-soft-col-10 265/280/283/1636
10038 target-soft-col-11 265/280/283/1636
10039 target-soft-col-12 265/280/283/1636
10040 target-soft-col-13 265/280/283/1636
10043 simmetrika-col-05-ru 265/280/283/1629
10044 simmetrika-col-05-ru-2 265/280/283/1629
10045 simmetrika-col-15 265/280/283/1629
10046 simmetrika-col-06 265/280/283/1629
10047 simmetrika-col-17 265/280/283/1629
10048 simmetrika-col-10 265/280/283/1629
10050 simmetrika-col-02-ru 265/280/283/1629
10051 simmetrika-col-21 265/280/283/1629
10052 simmetrika-col-03 265/280/283/1629
10054 simmetrika-col-16 265/280/283/1629
10055 simmetrika-col-03-ru 265/280/283/1629
10056 simmetrika-col-03-ru-2 265/280/283/1629
10057 simmetrika-col-09 265/280/283/1629
10058 simmetrika-col-13 265/280/283/1629
10059 simmetrika-col-07 265/280/283/1629
10060 simmetrika-col-01-ru 265/280/283/1629