SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10655, 9724, 9735, 9734, 10181, 9733, 
    9732, 9731, 9730, 9728, 9729, 9727, 
    10601, 10642, 9945, 10651, 10226, 10227, 
    10200, 10201
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00799

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 40,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10655,9724,9735,9734,10181,9733,9732,9731,9730,9728,9729,9727,10601,10642,9945,10651,10226,10227,10200,10201) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
9724 for-rest-col-13 265/280/291/1671
9727 for-rest-col-03 265/280/291/1671
9728 for-rest-col-04 265/280/291/1671
9729 for-rest-col-05 265/280/291/1671
9730 for-rest-col-06 265/280/291/1671
9731 for-rest-col-07 265/280/291/1671
9732 for-rest-col-08 265/280/291/1671
9733 for-rest-col-09 265/280/291/1671
9734 for-rest-col-11 265/280/291/1671
9735 for-rest-col-12 265/280/291/1671
9945 for-rest-col-01 265/280/291/1671
10181 for-rest-col-10 265/280/291/1671
10200 podushka-dekorativnaya-impulse-i-01-30h50 265/271/275
10201 podushka-dekorativnaya-impulse-i-02-30h50 265/271/275
10226 podushka-dekorativnaya-winnie-02-30h50 265/271/275
10227 podushka-dekorativnaya-inspiration-plain-03-30h50 265/271/275
10601 for-rest-col-02 265/280/291/1671
10642 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-20-50h50 265/271/275
10651 product-10651 265/271/275
10655 charisma-col-01 265/280/309/708