SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    10358, 10378, 10309, 10330, 10357, 10377, 
    10308, 10329, 10356, 10376, 10307, 
    10328, 10355, 10375, 10306, 10327, 
    10354, 10374, 10305, 10326
  )

Query time 0.00064

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (10358,10378,10309,10330,10357,10377,10308,10329,10356,10376,10307,10328,10355,10375,10306,10327,10354,10374,10305,10326)"
    }
  }
}