SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    13030, 10688, 10727, 10728, 10729, 10730, 
    10731, 10732, 10733, 10313, 10314, 
    10315, 10316, 10317, 10318, 10319
  )

Query time 0.00085

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (13030,10688,10727,10728,10729,10730,10731,10732,10733,10313,10314,10315,10316,10317,10318,10319)"
    }
  }
}