SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_ult_product_prices.price * cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id IN (
    12638, 12634, 12636, 12635, 12599, 12627, 
    12600, 12639, 15800, 12595, 12587, 
    12593, 12620, 12623, 12619, 12585, 
    12616, 12601, 12628, 12602, 12640, 
    12647, 12588, 12605, 12606, 12637, 
    12612, 12613, 12641, 12554, 12552, 
    12642
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00041

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "message": "Impossible WHERE noticed after reading const tables"
    }
  }
}