SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    10712, 10301, 10302, 10303, 10304, 10425, 
    10426, 10427, 10428, 10429, 10430, 
    10431, 10432, 10433, 10434, 10435
  )

Query time 0.00121

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (10712,10301,10302,10303,10304,10425,10426,10427,10428,10429,10430,10431,10432,10433,10434,10435)"
    }
  }
}