SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    10517, 10516, 10515, 10514, 10513, 10512, 
    10511, 10510, 10509, 10508, 10507, 
    10506, 10505, 10504, 10503, 10502, 
    10501, 10500, 10499, 10498
  )

Query time 0.00071

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (10517,10516,10515,10514,10513,10512,10511,10510,10509,10508,10507,10506,10505,10504,10503,10502,10501,10500,10499,10498)"
    }
  }
}