SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    10477, 10476, 10475, 10474, 10473, 10472, 
    10471, 10470, 10469, 10468, 10467, 
    10466, 12582, 12583, 12584, 10465, 
    10464, 10463, 10462, 10461
  )

Query time 0.00088

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (10477,10476,10475,10474,10473,10472,10471,10470,10469,10468,10467,10466,12582,12583,12584,10465,10464,10463,10462,10461)"
    }
  }
}