SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_keywords, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.search_words, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.promo_text, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    10778, 10779, 10780, 10781, 10782, 10783, 
    10784, 10786, 10787, 10788, 10789, 
    10790, 10791
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00098

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 13,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (10778,10779,10780,10781,10782,10783,10784,10786,10787,10788,10789,10790,10791) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}