SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10778, 10779, 10780, 10781, 10782, 10783, 
    10785, 10786, 10787, 10788, 10789, 
    10790, 10791
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00533

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 26,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10778,10779,10780,10781,10782,10783,10785,10786,10787,10788,10789,10790,10791) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
10778 product-10778 265/280/283/1675
10779 product-10779 265/280/283/1675
10780 product-10780 265/280/283/1675
10781 product-10781 265/280/283/1675
10782 product-10782 265/280/283/1675
10783 product-10783 265/280/283/1675
10785 product-10785 265/280/283/1675
10786 product-10786 265/280/283/1675
10787 product-10787 265/280/283/1675
10788 product-10788 265/280/283/1675
10789 product-10789 265/280/283/1675
10790 product-10790 265/280/283/1675
10791 product-10791 265/280/283/1675