SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    9978, 9979, 10179, 10180, 10523, 10073, 
    10077, 10076, 10086, 10085, 10084, 
    10083, 10082, 10081, 10080, 10079, 
    10584, 10594, 9814, 9815
  )

Query time 0.00088

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (9978,9979,10179,10180,10523,10073,10077,10076,10086,10085,10084,10083,10082,10081,10080,10079,10584,10594,9814,9815)"
    }
  }
}