SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10840, 10841, 10842, 10843, 10844, 10845, 
    10846, 10847, 13152
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00160

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 18,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10840,10841,10842,10843,10844,10845,10846,10847,13152) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
10840 epoha-col-01 265/280/283/667
10841 epoha-col-02 265/280/283/667
10842 epoha-col-03 265/280/283/667
10843 epoha-col-04 265/280/283/667
10844 epoha-col-05 265/280/283/667
10845 epoha-col-06 265/280/283/667
10846 epoha-col-07 265/280/283/667
10847 epoha-col-08 265/280/283/667
13152 epoha-col-08-ru 265/280/283/667