SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10075, 10135, 9952, 10074, 10573, 10577, 
    10651, 10642, 12529, 12515, 12525, 
    12532, 12523, 10198, 10557, 10202, 
    10556, 10101, 10558, 10142
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00116

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 40,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (10075,10135,9952,10074,10573,10577,10651,10642,12529,12515,12525,12532,12523,10198,10557,10202,10556,10101,10558,10142) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
9952 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-11-30h50 265/271/275
10074 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-11-50h50 265/271/275
10075 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-04-50h50 265/271/275
10101 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-06-30h50 265/271/275
10135 product-10135 265/271/275
10142 product-10142 265/271/275
10198 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-01-30h50 265/271/275
10202 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-04-30h50 265/271/275
10556 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-04-50x50 265/271/275
10557 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-01-50x50 265/271/275
10558 podushka-dekorativnaya-salon-06-50x50 265/271/275
10573 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-12-45x45 265/271/275
10577 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-17-30x50 265/271/275
10642 podushka-dekorativnaya-respect-20-50h50 265/271/275
10651 product-10651 265/271/275
12515 podushka-dekorativnaya-ribbon-02-chernyy-kant-50h50 265/271/275
12523 podushka-dekorativnaya-ribbon-03-chernyy-kant-50h50 265/271/275
12525 podushka-dekorativnaya-ribbon-03-belyy-kant-50h50 265/271/275
12529 podushka-dekorativnaya-ribbon-02-chernyy-kant-30h50 265/271/275
12532 podushka-dekorativnaya-ribbon-03-chernyy-kant-30h50 265/271/275