SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    10142, 10134, 10141, 10053, 10138, 10130, 
    9934, 10563, 10569, 10572, 10602, 10603, 
    10137, 12517, 12531, 12526, 12509, 
    10226, 10551, 10550
  )

Query time 0.00080

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (10142,10134,10141,10053,10138,10130,9934,10563,10569,10572,10602,10603,10137,12517,12531,12526,12509,10226,10551,10550)"
    }
  }
}